12
Months:
Understands
"give it to me"
Says 2 words plus "mama
and dada"
Dangles toy by string
Walks with one hand held
Freud's
Oral Phase:
The oral phase begins at birth and lasts eight months. It is characterized
by the infant's concern for his mouth and gratification he feels from
oral stimuli. The most obvious oral activity the child derives pleasure
from is eating. Oral stimulation, however, is also produced by engaging
in such activities as sucking, biting, swallowing and manipulating
various parts of the mouth. Freud contended that these activities
are he child's means of fulfilling his sexual urges. Hence, Eros (the
life instinct) makes its appearance. But Thanatos (the death instinct)
is also seen since quite frequently children destroy objects they
come in contact with, often by biting them.
During this phase, the child's
personality is controlled by the id. He demands immediate gratification
of his wants.
Other
phases related to Oral Phase:
Trust vs. Mistrust
Primary narcissism
Need-satisfying
13-14 Months:
Speaks 3-6 words (including names)
Enjoys "putting in and taking out"
Imitates scribbling
Walks alone
15 Months:
Jargon speech
Builds 2 block tower
Shows or offers toys
16-18 Months:
Understands simple
verbal commands
10 word vocabulary
Names a few pictures in book
Feeds self with some spilling
Hugs doll or bear
Builds 3-4 block tower
Strokes imitatively with pencil
Scribbles spontaneously
Walks fast, runs stiffly
Climbs into adult chair
Walks upstairs with one hand held
Freud's
Anal Stage:
The anal stage of motivational development is characterized by the
child's central area of bodily concern in the rectum. Bowel movements
become a source of pleasure to the child. He may defecate often to
achieve this pleasure. This, however, would bring him into conflict
with his parents. The conflict leads the child to develop an ego.
He comes to realize that he cannot always do what he wants when he
wants. He learns that there are certain times when it it appropriate
to expel waste and other times when it is inappropriate. He gradually
comes to understand his mother's wishes and abides by them.
19-24 Months:
Puts 3 words together (pron., V. Obj.)
Listens to stories with pictures
Turns pages by self
Tells immediate experiences
Imitates household tasks
Helps to undress
Handles spoon well
Builds 6 block tower
Imitates horizontal stroke
Circular scribbling
Opens doors
Walks up and down stairs, one step at a time
Down stairs, both feet on each step, holds rail
Up stairs, both feet on each step, holds rail
Runs well
Identifies four body parts
Stands on request from sitting position on floor
25-30 Months:
Repeats two digits, one of 3 tries (Ex. 4-2, 5-1, 6-8)
Uses simple pronouns (I, me, you, mine)
Uses 3-word sentences
Imitation of two-syllable words
Builds tower of 8 blocks
Uses fork with ease
Takes steps backward for 10 feet
Catches large ball, 1 of 3 tries
Climbs ladders on playground slides
Jumps from 8" height
Puts on coat, t-shirt
Jumps in place, if shown
Runs on whole foot, starts/stops with ease, avoids obstacles
Walks on 10 foot line on floor
The First year is a time of
tremendous growth. During the second and third years there is a plateau
of development as the individual consolidates the growth.
Extract
from Child Development Online.
